User:Tohline/ThreeDimensionalConfigurations/ChallengesPt2

Challenges Constructing Ellipsoidal-Like Configurations (Pt. 2)

This chapter extends an accompanying chapter titled, Construction Challenges (Pt. 1). The focus here is on an SCF technique that will incorporate specification of a Lagrangian flow-flied.

Motivation

In a separate discussion, we have shown that, as viewed from a frame that "tumbles" with the (purple) body of a Type 1 Riemann ellipsoid, each Lagrangian fluid element moves along an elliptical path in a plane that is tipped by an angle <math>~\theta</math> about the x-axis of the body. (See the yellow-dotted orbits in Figure panels 1a and 1b below). As viewed from the (primed) coordinates associated with this tipped plane, by definition, z' = 0 and dz'/dt = 0, and the planar orbit is defined by the expression,

<math>~1</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\biggl(\frac{x'}{x_\mathrm{max}} \biggr)^2 + \biggl(\frac{y' - y_0}{y_\mathrm{max}} \biggr)^2 \, .</math>

As a function of time, the x'-y' coordinates and associated velocity components of each Lagrangian fluid element are given by the expressions,

<math>~x'</math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~x_\mathrm{max}\cos(\varphi t)</math>	and,	<math>~y' - y_0</math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~y_\mathrm{max}\sin(\varphi t) \, ,</math>
<math>~\dot{x}'</math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~- x_\mathrm{max}~ \varphi \cdot \sin(\varphi t)</math>	and,	<math>~\dot{y}' </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~y_\mathrm{max}~\varphi \cdot \cos(\varphi t) \, .</math>

Here we provide analytic expressions for these various quantities — <math>~x_\mathrm{max}, y_\mathrm{max}, y_0, \varphi</math> — in terms of the properties of any chosen Type 1 Riemann ellipsoid.

Intersection of Tipped Plane With Ellipsoid Surface

In a an early subsection of the accompanying discussion, we have pointed out that the intersection of each Lagrangian fluid element's tipped plane with the surface of the (purple) ellipsoidal surface is given by the (unprimed) body-frame coordinates that simultaneously satisfy the expressions,

<math>~1</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\biggl( \frac{x}{a}\biggr)^2 + \biggl( \frac{y}{b}\biggr)^2 + \biggl( \frac{z}{c}\biggr)^2 </math>

and,

<math>~z</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~y \tan\theta + z_0 \, ,</math>

where z₀ is the location where the tipped plane intersects the body-frame z-axis. An intersection between the tipped plane and the ellipsoidal surface will occur for any value of,

<math>~z_0^2</math>

<math>~\le</math>

<math>~c^2 + b^2\tan^2\theta \, .</math>

For any chosen value of z₀ in this range, we can map out a locus of points that show the intersection of the chosen plane with the surface of the ellipsoid by specifying various values of z, then calculating the corresponding values of y and x via the respective equations,

<math>~y </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~\frac{1}{\tan\theta} \biggl[ z - z_0 \biggr] \, ;</math>
<math>~\frac{x}{a} </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~\biggl[ 1 - \biggl(\frac{z_0}{b \tan\theta}\biggr)^2 \biggl( \frac{z}{z_0} - 1 \biggr)^2 - \biggl( \frac{z}{c} \biggr)^2 \biggr]^{1 / 2} \, .</math>

Example Equilibrium Model

These key parameters have been drawn from [EFE] Chapter 7, Table XIII (p. 170):

<math>~a = a_1 = 1</math>

<math>~b = a_2 = 1.25</math>

<math>~c = a_3 = 0.4703</math>

<math>~\Omega_2 = 0.3639</math>

<math>~\Omega_3 = 0.6633</math>

<math>~\zeta_2 = - 2.2794</math>

<math>~\zeta_3 = - 1.9637</math>

As a consequence — see an accompanying discussion for details — the values of other parameters are …

					Example Values
<math>~\tan\theta </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~- \frac{\zeta_2 }{ \zeta_3 } \biggl[ \frac{a^2 + b^2}{a^2 + c^2} \biggr]\frac{c^2}{b^2} = -0.344793</math>			<math>~~ \theta =</math>	<math>~- 19.0238^\circ</math>
<math>~ \Lambda </math>	<math>~\equiv</math>	<math> \biggl[ \frac{a^2}{a^2 + b^2} \biggr] \zeta_3 \cos\theta - \biggl[ \frac{a^2}{a^2 + c^2} \biggr] \zeta_2 \sin\theta </math>			<math>~\Lambda =</math>	<math>~-1.332892 </math>
<math>~ \frac{y_0}{z_0} </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math> \biggl[ \frac{a^2}{a^2 + c^2} \biggr] \frac{\zeta_2}{\Lambda} </math>			<math>~\frac{y_0}{z_0} =</math>	<math>~+ 1.400377</math>
<math>~ \frac{x_\mathrm{max}}{ y_\mathrm{max} } </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~ \biggl\{ \Lambda \biggl[ \frac{a^2 + b^2}{b^2} \biggr] \frac{\cos\theta}{\zeta_3} \biggr\}^{1 / 2} </math>			<math>~\frac{x_\mathrm{max}}{y_\mathrm{max}} =</math>	<math>~+ 1.025854</math>
<math>~ \varphi </math>	<math>~=</math>	<math>~ \biggl\{ \Lambda \biggl[ \frac{b^2}{a^2 + b^2} \biggr] \frac{\zeta_3 }{\cos\theta} \biggr\}^{1 / 2} </math>			<math>~\varphi =</math>	<math>~+1.299300</math>

COLLADA-Based Representation

As has been described in an accompanying discussion of Riemann Type 1 ellipsoids, we have used COLLADA to construct an animated and interactive 3D scene that displays in purple the surface of an example Type I ellipsoid; panels a and b of Figure 1 show what this ellipsoid looks like when viewed from two different perspectives. (As a reminder — see the explanation accompanying Figure 2 of that accompanying discussion — the ellipsoid is tilted about the x-coordinate axis at an angle of 61.25° to the equilibrium spin axis, which is shown in green.) Yellow markers also have been placed in this 3D scene at each of the coordinate locations specified in the table that accompanies that discussion. From the perspective presented in Figure 3b, we can immediately identify three separate, nearly circular trajectories; the largest one corresponds to our choice of z₀ = -0.25, the smallest corresponds to our choice of z₀ = -0.60, and the one of intermediate size correspond to our choice of z₀ = -0.4310. When viewed from the perspective presented in Figure 1a, we see that these three trajectories define three separate planes; each plane is tipped at an angle of θ = -19.02° to the untilted equatorial, x-y plane of the purple ellipsoid.

Figure 1a	Figure 1b
↲
Figure 1c
↲

See Also

• Construction Challenges (Pt. 1)
• Riemann Type 1 Ellipsoids

© 2014 - 2021 by Joel E. Tohline |   H_Book Home   |   YouTube   | Appendices: | Equations | Variables | References | Ramblings | Images | myphys.lsu | ADS | Recommended citation:   Tohline, Joel E. (2021), The Structure, Stability, & Dynamics of Self-Gravitating Fluids, a (MediaWiki-based) Vistrails.org publication, https://www.vistrails.org/index.php/User:Tohline/citation